WEBVTT Kind: captions; Language: en 00:00:17.001 --> 00:00:22.001 Music Today is a very important day at Patty School because Captain Clemens of 00:00:22.001 --> 00:00:26.000 the Fire Department is here to tell the children what to do in case of fire. 00:00:26.001 --> 00:00:30.000 Children often are alone when they see a fire, and if they know the right thing 00:00:30.000 --> 00:00:33.000 to do, they may save a house or even a human life. 00:00:33.001 --> 00:00:39.000 The main thing is be calm, stop and think, and then do the best you can. 00:00:40.000 --> 00:00:43.000 The children like Captain Clemens and join eagerly in the lesson. 00:00:44.000 --> 00:00:46.000 He asks Jack how he hurt his hand. 00:00:47.001 --> 00:00:50.000 Jack was burned while roasting hot dogs. 00:00:50.000 --> 00:00:54.000 His hand is bandaged neatly because his mother learned how to dress burns at 00:00:54.000 --> 00:00:56.000 the Red Cross first aid class. 00:00:57.000 --> 00:01:01.000 Captain compliments Jack on the fine bandage and explains to the children that it 00:01:01.000 --> 00:01:05.001 is best to use a burn ointment for small burns, but for large, dangerous burns, 00:01:06.000 --> 00:01:09.001 cover the wound with a dry, clean dressing and rush the patient to a doctor. 00:01:10.001 --> 00:01:12.000 There are many good ways to treat burns. 00:01:12.000 --> 00:01:16.001 The important thing is that every family should have an emergency kit with 00:01:16.001 --> 00:01:19.001 bandages, dressings, adhesive tape and simple remedies 00:01:19.001 --> 00:01:21.000 for burns and other accidents. 00:01:22.000 --> 00:01:25.001 More fires are caused by matches and smoking than by any other thing. 00:01:26.001 --> 00:01:30.000 Lighting a match always strikes a match away from you so 00:01:30.000 --> 00:01:31.001 that the flame will not burn your clothing. 00:01:32.001 --> 00:01:36.000 An easy way to remember about dangerous Mr. Match is that he has a 00:01:36.000 --> 00:01:37.001 head but no brain. 00:01:38.001 --> 00:01:40.001 You have to be the brain for his head. 00:01:41.000 --> 00:01:43.001 Never allow a match to go out alone. 00:01:44.000 --> 00:01:45.000 Shaper on your match. 00:01:46.001 --> 00:01:50.001 Little children three and four years old have started many fires with matches. 00:01:51.001 --> 00:01:54.001 If you break the match before you throw it away, you 00:01:54.001 --> 00:01:56.001 can be sure the match is out. 00:01:57.001 --> 00:02:00.001 Keep matches in a safe place, out of reach of small children. 00:02:03.001 --> 00:02:06.000 Christmas trees are a fire danger. 00:02:06.000 --> 00:02:09.001 They become dry and have ornaments and lights that catch fire easily. 00:02:10.001 --> 00:02:14.000 Here Christmas wrappings are piled near an overloaded fireplace, 00:02:14.001 --> 00:02:16.001 dangerous because of flying sparks. 00:02:17.001 --> 00:02:21.001 Keep a metal screen in front of a fireplace and never leave papers near a 00:02:21.001 --> 00:02:23.001 fireplace, a stove or a heater. 00:02:24.001 --> 00:02:29.000 Oily rags and liquids that burn easily like gasoline must be kept away from 00:02:29.000 --> 00:02:33.001 stoves because they can catch fire from a spark or even from intense heat. 00:02:34.001 --> 00:02:38.000 Next to matches and smoking, defective wiring causes the most fires. 00:02:38.001 --> 00:02:42.001 Electrical cords wear out and may give off sparks that start fires. 00:02:45.000 --> 00:02:50.000 We all have seen the corner mailbox, police signal box and a fire alarm box. 00:02:51.000 --> 00:02:54.001 Every city has community helpers to guard and serve the people like 00:02:54.001 --> 00:02:56.000 firemen, policemen and mailmen. 00:02:57.000 --> 00:03:00.000 In case of fire, the first thing to do is to call the firemen. 00:03:00.001 --> 00:03:03.001 Never break the glass in the fire alarm box unless 00:03:03.001 --> 00:03:05.000 you are sure that there is a fire. 00:03:06.000 --> 00:03:08.000 Captain Clemens explains to the children what to 00:03:08.000 --> 00:03:09.001 do if their clothing catches fire. 00:03:10.001 --> 00:03:14.001 He has a doll on a stick and shows how by rushing the stick through the air, a 00:03:14.001 --> 00:03:18.001 breeze fans the captain's assistant sets fire to the doll's flimsy dress and 00:03:18.001 --> 00:03:22.000 shows the children exactly what would happen to their clothes if they ran. 00:03:23.000 --> 00:03:26.000 Never run as this increases the heat and flames. 00:03:27.000 --> 00:03:29.000 Hot air rises swiftly to a person's face. 00:03:29.001 --> 00:03:33.001 If your clothing catches fire, therefore, it is best to fall to the ground, 00:03:34.000 --> 00:03:35.001 roll over and shout for help. 00:03:36.000 --> 00:03:39.000 If there is a blanket handy, roll in the blanket and smother the flames. 00:03:41.000 --> 00:03:42.001 George shows the class what to do. 00:03:43.000 --> 00:03:46.000 He rolls over and over and yells with all his might. 00:03:47.000 --> 00:03:51.000 The captain says he does it exactly right and asks George to do it without the 00:03:51.000 --> 00:03:53.001 blanket because there is not always a blanket near. 00:03:54.000 --> 00:03:57.000 If children do the right thing, they can put the fire 00:03:57.000 --> 00:03:58.001 out before they are badly burned. 00:03:59.001 --> 00:04:02.001 A person may die from breathing hot air as well as from flames. 00:04:03.001 --> 00:04:05.001 Children will not forget this rule. 00:04:06.000 --> 00:04:09.001 Lie down, roll over and shout for help. 00:04:10.000 --> 00:04:13.000 In a house, it is important to try to breathe the pure air 00:04:13.000 --> 00:04:15.000 near the floor or at the window. 00:04:17.000 --> 00:04:20.000 Several years ago in this neighborhood, the terrible Chatsworth 00:04:20.000 --> 00:04:21.001 fire burned 50 homes. 00:04:22.000 --> 00:04:24.000 Many people were left homeless. 00:04:26.001 --> 00:04:30.000 Captain Clemens asks if any of the children were in this fire. 00:04:33.001 --> 00:04:34.001 Patty waves her hand. 00:04:35.000 --> 00:04:36.001 Indeed, she did see the fire. 00:04:37.000 --> 00:04:39.000 They stopped the fire right in front of her house. 00:04:39.001 --> 00:04:42.001 The captain asks Patty to tell the other children what happened. 00:04:43.001 --> 00:04:45.001 This is what she told the class. 00:04:46.001 --> 00:04:50.001 The day started just like any other day, except it was hot and sticky. 00:04:52.000 --> 00:04:55.001 Patty was helping her father herd the goats at milking time, although she 00:04:55.001 --> 00:04:57.000 was only five years old. 00:04:58.000 --> 00:05:01.001 Her father put Ginny the goat on the platform so that Patty could milk her. 00:05:02.000 --> 00:05:05.001 It was hard for Patty's little hands to learn to milk, but her father was proud 00:05:05.001 --> 00:05:08.001 of her and said that she already had a good milking stroke. 00:05:09.001 --> 00:05:12.001 Patty always liked to help and tried to do the things her brother did. 00:05:13.000 --> 00:05:16.001 You can see how this day started just like any other day. 00:05:16.001 --> 00:05:17.001 It was great fun. 00:05:18.001 --> 00:05:23.000 Patty was proud to carry the heavy pan of fresh, clean milk into the barn. 00:05:31.001 --> 00:05:33.001 Then suddenly things began to happen. 00:05:34.001 --> 00:05:35.000 Fleta whinnied. 00:05:39.001 --> 00:05:44.000 The geese flapped their wings angrily, a sign that something was wrong. 00:05:44.001 --> 00:05:50.000 Mother called to Patty, and Patty's brother Bill yelled, 00:05:50.001 --> 00:05:52.000 Father, Father, there's fire, fire. 00:05:54.000 --> 00:05:59.001 First, all that Patty could see was a tiny curl of smoke creeping up the ravine. 00:06:00.000 --> 00:06:02.000 Everything was a yellow, pinky light. 00:06:02.000 --> 00:06:05.000 Far away, the smoke rose over the mountain ridges. 00:06:06.000 --> 00:06:08.001 Patty's mother told her to stay where she could see her. 00:06:09.000 --> 00:06:11.001 Her mother telephoned in the fire alarm to the fire station. 00:06:12.001 --> 00:06:15.001 Tongues of flame crept over the top of the hill toward their house. 00:06:19.001 --> 00:06:24.000 Patty's father, Mr. Garman, always knows what to do, and in three shakes, he and 00:06:24.000 --> 00:06:27.000 Bill hauled their hose up the hill across from the Garman house. 00:06:29.000 --> 00:06:32.000 Bill held a hose steady, but his face looked scared, and he 00:06:32.000 --> 00:06:34.000 kept mumbling as if he were praying. 00:06:35.001 --> 00:06:38.001 The flames spread along the ground, catching fire to everything. 00:06:39.000 --> 00:06:43.001 As far as you could see, there was smoke, and a bad wind came up. 00:06:46.001 --> 00:06:50.001 A fire is spread by flames and also by the terrific heat that blows ahead of the 00:06:50.001 --> 00:06:53.000 flame, catching fire to everything in its path. 00:06:59.001 --> 00:07:02.000 Farther over, Mr. O'Brien's barn was burning. 00:07:03.000 --> 00:07:08.000 Mr. O'Brien kept three animals, Daisy the cow and two workhorses, Don and Pep. 00:07:09.000 --> 00:07:12.001 Daisy and Pep both were burned to death, but Don was saved. 00:07:14.000 --> 00:07:18.000 In answer to Mrs. Garman's telephone call, county fire trucks began to arrive. 00:07:18.001 --> 00:07:22.000 Mr. Garman jumped on the running board and directed the driver over the hill 00:07:22.000 --> 00:07:23.001 where several homes were in danger. 00:07:24.000 --> 00:07:26.001 The fire trucks seemed to go in every direction. 00:07:26.001 --> 00:07:30.000 Mr. Emery pointed far away where the flames were getting out of control. 00:07:31.000 --> 00:07:34.000 The fire spread so fast that many homes were in danger. 00:07:36.001 --> 00:07:39.001 More firemen rushed to help. They moved fast. 00:07:40.000 --> 00:07:43.000 The ladders and large hoes were heavy, but each man rushed 00:07:43.000 --> 00:07:44.001 to do his particular job. 00:07:45.001 --> 00:07:49.001 The firemen train every day to become more efficient, and they have had long 00:07:49.001 --> 00:07:51.000 experience in putting out fires. 00:07:51.001 --> 00:07:56.000 They have a great responsibility to save human life and property. 00:07:57.000 --> 00:08:00.000 Teamwork is necessary to fight a fire. Firemen are 00:08:00.000 --> 00:08:01.001 expert at working the large nozzles. 00:08:06.001 --> 00:08:07.000 A roof fell. 00:08:09.000 --> 00:08:12.000 Firemen can change the length and width of the stream of water. 00:08:13.000 --> 00:08:16.000 They use a strong, solid stream for putting out the fire. 00:08:17.000 --> 00:08:21.001 A wide spray of water is used like a screen to protect the firemen as 00:08:21.001 --> 00:08:23.000 they go toward the heat and smoke. 00:08:23.001 --> 00:08:26.000 One man alone could not handle the large, heavy hoes. 00:08:27.000 --> 00:08:30.000 The firemen advanced steadily toward the fiery furnace. 00:08:30.001 --> 00:08:32.000 They took turns at the front of the hose. 00:08:33.000 --> 00:08:37.000 As the smoke became too much for the front man, another took his place, and he 00:08:37.000 --> 00:08:39.000 moved to the back where the air was better. 00:08:40.000 --> 00:08:42.000 Water stopped the blaze and kept the heat and 00:08:42.000 --> 00:08:44.000 flying embers from spreading the fire. 00:08:46.000 --> 00:08:49.001 The front man turns the nozzle to change the stream of water. 00:08:50.001 --> 00:08:52.001 Every home should be prepared for a fire. 00:08:53.000 --> 00:08:56.000 A garden hose should always be attached to a faucet. 00:08:57.001 --> 00:09:02.000 No human could enter the house in these flames, but the problem of the firemen is 00:09:02.000 --> 00:09:03.001 to see the flame did not spread. 00:09:05.000 --> 00:09:08.000 Pete Dawson's home was completely destroyed, and he and his brothers 00:09:08.000 --> 00:09:09.001 and sisters had no place to live. 00:09:10.000 --> 00:09:15.000 In bad fires like these after an earthquake or an atomic bomb, many people are 00:09:15.000 --> 00:09:17.000 hurt or killed by falling objects and walls. 00:09:17.001 --> 00:09:20.000 People should stay far away from burning buildings. 00:09:21.001 --> 00:09:22.001 The center roof fell first. 00:09:24.000 --> 00:09:25.001 Then another roof went down. 00:09:27.001 --> 00:09:31.000 Back at the Garman Ranch, the boys beat out the flames with gunny sacks. 00:09:31.001 --> 00:09:34.001 They were tired but proud that the firemen trusted them to 00:09:34.001 --> 00:09:36.000 handle this part of the fire alone. 00:09:36.001 --> 00:09:38.001 This relieved the firemen to work on the other side 00:09:38.001 --> 00:09:40.000 of the ridge where the fire was raging. 00:09:41.001 --> 00:09:43.001 Mr. O'Brien's barn still was burning. 00:09:44.001 --> 00:09:47.001 Patty's mother and Bill pulled a hose up to the back of the barn. 00:09:48.000 --> 00:09:51.000 Her father was worn out, and Bill relieved him on the hose. 00:09:52.001 --> 00:09:55.001 Bill could be counted on to do a job like the older boys. 00:09:59.000 --> 00:10:02.001 But what happened? Bill was overcome by the smoke. 00:10:03.000 --> 00:10:06.000 Mrs. O'Brien too was hurt hit by a falling branch. 00:10:07.000 --> 00:10:10.001 Patty's sister Barbara told the firemen on the truck to call the ambulance to 00:10:10.001 --> 00:10:13.000 pick up Bill, Mrs. O'Brien, and Ruth O'Brien. 00:10:13.001 --> 00:10:16.001 The ambulance was standing by in case anyone was hurt. 00:10:17.001 --> 00:10:22.000 In this terrible fire, no people were killed due to the quick thinking of the 00:10:22.000 --> 00:10:23.001 men and prompt first aid. 00:10:31.000 --> 00:10:35.000 The Red Cross always is ready to help in an emergency and gives aid 00:10:35.000 --> 00:10:36.001 to the people who are in trouble. 00:10:41.000 --> 00:10:43.001 The men lifted Bill carefully and placed him 00:10:43.001 --> 00:10:45.000 gently on the stretcher in the ambulance. 00:10:46.000 --> 00:10:49.001 He was not dangerously hurt, but his leg was burned, so his 00:10:49.001 --> 00:10:51.000 mother wanted the doctor to check him. 00:10:51.001 --> 00:10:54.001 The doctor treated Bill's leg, which was not burned seriously. 00:10:55.001 --> 00:10:57.000 Later he was back helping with the fire. 00:10:58.001 --> 00:11:02.000 Mrs. O'Brien and Ruth O'Brien were taken along at the same time. 00:11:02.001 --> 00:11:06.001 Ruth's arm was burned, so off they went to the emergency hospital 00:11:06.001 --> 00:11:08.000 that had been set up in the school. 00:11:12.001 --> 00:11:14.000 Patty couldn't help crying. 00:11:15.000 --> 00:11:17.001 Her mother told her to stay near Ben, who milks the goats. 00:11:18.001 --> 00:11:21.001 Generally, a child can help most by staying out of the way 00:11:21.001 --> 00:11:23.000 of the people who are fighting a fire. 00:11:24.000 --> 00:11:27.000 Why Charlie and Nellie from Mr. Mardell's ranch are running away. 00:11:27.001 --> 00:11:32.000 Probably someone led them out of a burning barn and left them run away to safety. 00:11:32.001 --> 00:11:33.000 Nellie's hurt. 00:11:38.000 --> 00:11:42.001 Patty herded the goats to the end of the corral away from the smoke and tried to 00:11:42.001 --> 00:11:45.000 talk calmly to the goats to keep them from getting excited. 00:11:45.001 --> 00:11:47.001 They might have stampeded and hurt each other. 00:11:48.001 --> 00:11:49.001 Her baby goat was trembling. 00:11:50.001 --> 00:11:53.000 If the fire should come too close, Patty's father 00:11:53.000 --> 00:11:54.001 would move the goats to another pasture. 00:11:56.001 --> 00:12:00.000 Back over the ridge, the firemen were trying to save Janie Brighton's home. 00:12:01.000 --> 00:12:04.000 How could any human being enter a building in the dense smoke? 00:12:05.000 --> 00:12:07.000 What causes these terrible fires? 00:12:07.001 --> 00:12:08.001 People are careless. 00:12:09.000 --> 00:12:11.001 They throw away matches and cigarettes that are still burning. 00:12:12.000 --> 00:12:16.000 They even smoke in bed, go to sleep, and drop their burning cigarettes. 00:12:17.001 --> 00:12:19.001 The firemen pulled out a burning Davenport. 00:12:20.001 --> 00:12:23.001 The fire can smolder and spread while a person sleeps. 00:12:24.001 --> 00:12:28.000 This fireman stayed near the floor because in a burning room, the air near the 00:12:28.000 --> 00:12:30.000 floor is better and easier to breathe. 00:12:31.001 --> 00:12:35.000 Flames and hot air rise and create a draft, which draws in the cool 00:12:35.000 --> 00:12:37.000 air near the floor or ground. 00:12:37.001 --> 00:12:40.001 See how the hot air and smoke rise from this house 00:12:40.001 --> 00:12:42.000 and the clear air sweeps in below. 00:12:43.000 --> 00:12:46.001 After a fire, you often see the firemen working in the 00:12:46.001 --> 00:12:48.001 attics, pulling out the walls and floors. 00:12:49.001 --> 00:12:53.001 Seems like unnecessary destruction of the building, but it is important to be 00:12:53.001 --> 00:12:57.000 sure that no hidden fire is buried in the frame to start up 00:12:57.000 --> 00:12:58.001 later and cause another fire. 00:12:59.000 --> 00:13:02.000 Firemen do everything they can to prevent water damage. 00:13:04.001 --> 00:13:08.001 Reporters and news photographers go to all large fires to learn about the fire 00:13:08.001 --> 00:13:11.001 and also to find human interest stories for their papers. 00:13:12.001 --> 00:13:15.000 Each man tries to get the news to his paper first. 00:13:17.000 --> 00:13:20.001 The tired firemen hold the heavy lengths of hose up the hill to the trucks. 00:13:21.001 --> 00:13:25.001 It takes time to clean and repair equipment and have it ready for the next fire. 00:13:26.000 --> 00:13:30.000 They stayed on guard through the night to be sure no new fires would spring up. 00:13:34.000 --> 00:13:38.000 The large number of fire trucks showed that many firemen still were working 00:13:38.000 --> 00:13:41.000 throughout the hills, the hook and ladder. 00:13:42.001 --> 00:13:47.000 You understand now why this fireman wore a helmet that would not burn and a coat 00:13:47.000 --> 00:13:50.001 that would shed water and it was extra heavy to protect him from the heat. 00:13:51.001 --> 00:13:54.001 His tool, a hose spanner, is used to tighten the joints 00:13:54.001 --> 00:13:56.000 that hold the lengths of hose together. 00:13:56.000 --> 00:14:00.000 The tools the firemen use most often are hose, nozzles, 00:14:00.001 --> 00:14:02.000 ladders, axes and spanners. 00:14:06.001 --> 00:14:10.000 Bernie O'Brien pats old Don, a horse that was saved from the flame 00:14:10.000 --> 00:14:12.000 in O'Brien's barn fire. 00:14:12.001 --> 00:14:15.000 Mr. Emery told Mr. Garman about the damage at high point. 00:14:16.000 --> 00:14:19.001 Refugees who yesterday had a nice home now trudged through the ruins 00:14:19.001 --> 00:14:21.000 hoping to save something of value. 00:14:21.001 --> 00:14:23.000 Nothing was left standing. 00:14:23.000 --> 00:14:25.001 Just an old car and the old stove. 00:14:26.000 --> 00:14:29.000 Poor Millie and Todd, who wants an old roasting pan? 00:14:30.000 --> 00:14:30.001 Everything gone. 00:14:31.001 --> 00:14:32.001 And Millie's doll. 00:14:33.001 --> 00:14:35.000 It just seemed more than they could stand. 00:14:36.001 --> 00:14:41.001 After a great disaster such as a fire, earthquake or atom bomb explosion, lack of 00:14:41.001 --> 00:14:43.001 water may be the most serious problem of all. 00:14:44.000 --> 00:14:47.001 More fires might break out and so Mr. Horner led to dig out the 00:14:47.001 --> 00:14:49.000 water pipes that led to his home. 00:14:50.000 --> 00:14:53.001 Water is needed to put out new fires and for washing and drinking. 00:14:54.000 --> 00:14:56.000 Electric wires broke and fell to the ground. 00:14:57.000 --> 00:15:00.001 They might be live wires and might burn seriously or even 00:15:00.001 --> 00:15:02.000 kill the person who touched them. 00:15:02.001 --> 00:15:05.001 After any accident, never touch a fallen wire. 00:15:07.000 --> 00:15:10.000 Mrs. Garman thanked Mr. Emery for helping to save their farm. 00:15:11.001 --> 00:15:13.000 And Patty thanked him too. 00:15:13.001 --> 00:15:18.001 Just think, he let Patty hold the telephone that he used to convey messages from 00:15:18.001 --> 00:15:21.000 the front lines of the fire to the fire headquarters. 00:15:22.000 --> 00:15:25.001 Patty was too little to fight the fire, but she did exactly the right thing. 00:15:26.000 --> 00:15:29.000 She stayed out of the way of the firefighters where her 00:15:29.000 --> 00:15:30.001 family could keep an eye on her. 00:15:31.001 --> 00:15:34.000 The Garmans felt like giving thanks that their home was spared. 00:15:36.000 --> 00:15:39.000 The blood-burnt grass and the pasture on the hill showed that the fire was 00:15:39.000 --> 00:15:42.000 stopped right at the road in front of the Garmans house. 00:15:42.001 --> 00:15:44.000 How close it swept to their goats. 00:15:46.001 --> 00:15:48.001 Billy's face looked sad and tired. 00:15:49.001 --> 00:15:51.000 That day he grew up. 00:15:51.001 --> 00:15:55.001 It was a hard day, but he found out that in an emergency he could count 00:15:55.001 --> 00:15:57.000 on himself to do the right thing. 00:15:58.001 --> 00:15:59.000 Patty cried. 00:16:00.000 --> 00:16:03.001 Her mother comforted her and told her what a good girl she had been. 00:16:04.000 --> 00:16:07.001 Small children helped most in a fire by staying out of the way. 00:16:09.000 --> 00:16:11.001 Garmans' close escape made them feel humble and 00:16:11.001 --> 00:16:14.000 thankful, and they wanted to help their neighbors. 00:16:15.000 --> 00:16:17.001 Could you help as much as the Garmans did?